Brick-machine



(No Model. I I 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. R. M. JOHNSON.

Brick Machine. No. 228,969. Patented June 15,1880.

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No. 228,969. Patented .l'une15, I880.

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R. M. JOHNSON.

Brick Machine. I No. 228,969. Patented June 15,1880.

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N.PEIERS, PHOTO-LITHDGRAPHER, WASHINGTON D c.

UNIT STATES PATENT Orr-non.

RICHARD M. JOHNSON, OF HOUSTON, TEXAS.-

BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 228,969, dated June 15, 1880.

Application filed May 17, 1880. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD M. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Houston, in the county of Harris and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick-Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the ,invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. I

My invention relates to that class of brickmachines usually termed the dry-press inachines, in which the clay is taken from the bank and passed into molds in a revolving wheel, in which it is pressed by reciprocating pistons approaching each other, and afterward expelled a pressed brick, ready for backing up and burning.

My invention consists more particularly in the construction of details and combination of parts, as will be hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a vertical section. Fig. 3 is a view taken upon the linemoof Fig. 1, showing the stationary table partly cut away, exposing a part of the revolving mold. Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken upon the line w m of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 shows a perspective and cross-section of the lower pistons. Fig. 6 is a view, partly in vertical section, of the upper piston.

A and A represent two frames of any suitable dimensions, supported upon and attached to stanchions B, which are secured to a suitable bed, 0. To theseframes andbed are firmly secured all the working parts of the machine.

The two frames A and A are set conveniently near each other, and to their inner sides are attached two bed-plates, D E, with flat side to the frame and edge up, as shown in Figs. 2and 4 of drawings and Fig. 3 in dotted lines. Near the middle of the bed-plate D E, attached to and extending across them, is the pivot F, upon which .the mold-wheel Gr revolves.

Immediately over the revolving mold-wheel G is a table, H, rigidly attached to the frames by means of posts a. This table protects the molds from rubbish and has three openings, 1) 0 (1. Over the openin g b is placed the hopper 0, for the reception of the clay.

Upon the same plane with the table H, and supported upon an extension of the frame A, is a tray,f, for the reception of the clay as it comes from the bank.

The mold-wheel G is provided with four sets of molds, I, each set composed of two molds, arranged side by side, as shown in Fig. 3 of drawings. In the bottom of each mold is a metal block, K, which, when not in motion, by reason of gravity rests upon and has its downward movement limited by lugs g. which enter slots h. The top of the metal block is provided with a recess for the reception of a piece of wood, t, which is kept saturated with oil to prevent the clay from adhering to it.

The lower outer edge of the mold-wheel G is provided with a beveled surface, having teeth for engaging with a beveled segmental gear-wheel, L. This bevel gear is arranged so as to give the mold-wheel a quarter-revolution, bringing a set of molds under the hopper-opening 1) to be filled, the preceding set under the opening 0 to be pressed, and the set preceding these under the opening cl to have the brick expelled.

The segmental gear-wheel L carries a cam, k, which engages with a lever, l,with every revolution of the segment, and raises it, thereby elevating the stop m by means of the rod 02 and finger 0.

The lower part of the periphery of the moldwheel G is provided with a ledge, g, which contains four notches, 12, located in such positions that when the molds are brought in the desired position the stop on drops into the notch and holds the mold-wheel stationary until raised by the finger 0.

The segmental gear L is carried by a short shaft, M, the inner end of which is sustained by a bearing in the frame A and the outer end by bearing in braces from the same frame. This shaft receives motion by means of a sprocket-wheel on its outer end, which, by chain, connects with a sprocket-wheel on a shaft, N, which is supported by two bearings upon posts on the bed 0. The shaft N also carries a band-wheel, through which the power that drives the machine is received. The short shaft M also carries a band-wheel, r, from which a broad belt leads to any desired point, where it is passed over another bandwheel, and is used for transporting the brick from the machine.

From the inside of the two frames, between the two bed-plates D E and frames A and A, ascend two parallel arched standards, 0 and P. They are firmly attached to the frames in any suitable manner on opposite sides of the table H, and rise over the table by means of an arch, and extend a suitable distance upward, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of drawings. These two standards are held and braced against each other by means of socket-bolts s, which hold the standards a suitable distance apart to receive the working parts of the upper piston, which are placed between these standards.

Between the upper ends of the standards is pivoted a bar, Q, provided with trunnions s .9, extending through each of the standards, upon which the bar swings freely back and forth. To the lower end of this bar is linked, at t, the upper arm of a lever, It. This lever has a double head-that is to say, a short arm eX- tending upward and a short arm extending downward, and a vertically-sliding fulcrum.

The fulcrum u of the lever It consists of a rod passing through the lever, with each end seated in bearings traveling in vertical slots in the standards and P. The lower arm of the lever It is linked to the upper end of a lever at e, which turns upon a fulcrum, to, located midway between the ends of the lever and moving in vertical slots in the standards 0 and P in the same manner as the fulcrum u, above described.

To the lower end of the lever S, at m, is linked a rod, U, which in turn is linked at its lower end to the upper piston, W, at y, which has a vertical movement traveling in slides attached to the standards 0 and P. The trunnions s s, the fulerums u and 'w, and the link y always remain in the same vertical line.

The outer end of the lever B connects with a rod, T, the lower end of which is attached to a crank-pin upon a pinion, X, engaging with and receiving intermittent motion from a segment, Y, which is located on the outer end of the shaft N. The upper end of the rod T has a series of holes for adjustment of the lever B by means of a pin. This adjustment controls the length of the movement of the lever, thereby determining the thickness of the brick.

To the lever B, a short distance inside of the rod T, the upper end of a rod, Z, is attached. This attachment is made by a pin passing through one of a series of holes in the lever B and through the upper end of the rod. This adjustment is had for the purpose of determining the thrust of the lower piston, so as to regulate the thickness of the brick. "his rod Z connects at its lower end with an elbow-lever, B, hinged at its angle to a rod, D, which is pivoted on a bolt, F, held in place by passing through the two bed-plates D E. The outer end of the lever B is linked to the lower piston, G. The piston G, in its upward movement, engages with the bottom of the metal block K and compresses the clay from below.

A lever, I, is centrally fulerumed on the bolt F. and connected at one end with the rod Z, by means of a rod, H, and at the other end is linked to another lever, K, which has its fulcrum on a rod, L, pendent from the frame A, and is attached to and raises and lowers the ejector M, which forces the bricks out of the mold after they have been pressed.

The piston \V has a flanged steel bottom, W, attached to the piston by any suitable means, and contains a suitable piece of wood, a, which is perforated part way through the wood from the upper side with awl-holes b for the reception of oil. From one side of the piston an oil-channel, 0, extends down and through the center of the steel bottom and communicates with an oil-chamber, d. The intent and purpose of this construction is to keep the bottom of the piston saturated with oil, so as to prevent the clay from adhering to it.

The operation of my device is as follows: Dry clay is hauled from the bank and dumped into the tray f, and the machine being in the position shown in Figs. 2 and 4 of drawingsthat is to say, in course of full operation and at the last stage of compressing the brick-the two molds that are under the opening b of the table are filled with clay while the upper piston, W, is ascending. As soon as the piston clears the mold-wheel the cam on the side of the segment L strikes the arm I, raises the stop M, and liberates the mold-wheel, and the teeth of the segment engage the teeth on the lower edge of the wheel and give it a quarterrevolution, bringing the newly-filled molds under openings 0 of the table and the piston W, the molds, with the pressed brick under the opening d, over the ejector, and an empty set of molds under the opening I), to be filled with clay, and the stop m drops into one of the notches p and holds the wheel securely in place for the descent of the piston.

Fig. 1 of the drawings shows the position of various parts at the commencement of the movement of the mold-wheel. As soon as the segment L clears the teeth of the mold-wheelthe segment Y engages with the pinion X and gives it one revolution, thereby depressing the lever B from the position shown in Fig. 1 of drawings to that shown in Fig. 2, and returning it to the position shown in Fig. 1.

When the lever B is elevated, as shown in Fig. 1, four elbows areformed -to wit, at the links t, Q], as, and y-and the fulcrums u and w, movingin the slots of the standards, are drawn upward toward the trunnions of the bar Q, thereby elevating the upper piston the required distance, and at the same time, by the same movement of the lever B, by means of the rods Z and lever B and rod D, an elbow is formed, by which the lower piston is depressed the desired distance, and by the same movement of the lever B, by means of the rods Z H and levers I and K, the ejector is drawn down beneath the mold-wheel, leaving the way clear for the revolution of the mold-wheel.

When the lever R is depressed the elbows above referred to are straightened, bringing the fulcrums and links all in a vertical line,

thereby thrusting the piston W downward. At

the same time the piston G is thrust upward by means of the rods Z andlever B, straightening the lower elbow, and at the same time the ejector is thrust upward, lifting the bricks on the movable blocks K to the top of the wheel, where they are removed by hand to the belt and carried to a suitable place for hacking.

When it is desired to dispense with steampower and use hand-power, the shaft bearing the baud-wheel and the pinion X is removed and a suit-able lever is fulorumed between the standards and attached to the rod T.

Having described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a brick-machine, a lever having a sliding fulcrum and linked with a pivoted bar, in combination with a lever having a sliding fulcrum linked to a piston, substantially as shown and described.

2. In a brick-machine, a lever-having asliding fulcrum and linked with a pivoted bar, in combination with a rod and lever fulcrumed on the end of a pivoted rod and linked to a piston, substantially as shown and described.

3. In a brick-machine, a lever having a sliding fulcrum and linked with a pivoted bar, in

combination with the rods Z H and levers I and K and ejector M, substantially as shown and described.

4. In a brick-machine, a lever, B, having a sliding fulcrum and linked with a pivoted bar, in combinaton with an upper piston and suitable connecting devices, suitable standards, and a lower piston with lever, pivoted rod, and connecting-bar, an ejecting device, and a mold, all constructed substantially as described, and operated to press one set of brick and eject another by one and the same movement of the lever.

5. In a brick-machine, a revolving moldwheel, in combination with a stationary table having openings 11 c d, substantially as shown and described.

6. In a brick-machine, a revolving moldwheel, in combination with a stop, m, finger o, rods a, lever Z, cam k, and segment L, substantially as shown and described;

7. In a brick-machine, a block, K, provided with slots h, in combination with a mold, I, provided with lugs g, substantially as shown and described.

8. In a brick-machine, a revolving moldwheel, Gr, having lugs g, and slotted blocks K, in combination with an ejector, substantially as shown and described.

9. In a brick-machine, a piston, W, provided with a flanged bottom and oil-chamber, in combination with. a wooden bottom piece and oil-chamber, substantially as shown and described.

10. In a brick-machine, the wooden bottom a, perforated from the top to near the bottom by awl-holes for the reception of oil, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

RICHARD M. JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

WM. G. HENDERSON, A. M. Lone. 

